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California Tribes and Missions
| General information | Chumash | Ohlone | Miwok | Hupa | Cahuilla | Missions| Channel Islands | Standards |
California Indian Tribal Map http://www.mip.berkeley.edu/cilc_images/bibs/maps/tribemap.gif
Four Directions Institute: California Indians http://www.fourdir.com/california_indians_index.htm
Information and links for all of the California tribes for 3-4 grades.
A History of American Indians in California http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/5views/5views1.htm
"The history of California Indians is a different story from that of other ethnic groups who came in the last few centuries as immigrants to an already populated land."
National Museum of the American Indian http://www.nmai.si.edu/searchcollections/results.aspx?catids=0&areaid=14&src=1-1
Includes arts and crafts from California tribes.
Great Basin, Plateau and California tribes http://www.ahsd25.k12.il.us/curriculum/nativeamericans/greatbasin.html
"Before the Europeans came to California, there were many native people living there in many different small tribes."
Maidu Indian Legends http://www.native-languages.org/maidu-legends.htm
"This is our collection of links to Maidu folktales and traditional stories that can be read online."
Wappo Indians of Napa County http://score.rims.k12.ca.us/activity/wappo/
"This virtual museum was developed as part of the Schools of California Online Resources for Educators."
Chumash Indians http://www.chumashindian.com/
"Evidence was found, showing that they have had settlements on the Channel Islands and Santa Monica Mountains as far back as thousands of years ago."
Chumash Facts for Kids http://www.bigorrin.org/chumash_kids.htm
"Here are our answers to the questions we are most often asked by children, with Chumash pictures and links we believe are suitable for all ages."
Chumash Indian Life http://www.sbnature.org/research/anthro/chumash/index.htm
"Before the Mission Period, the Chumash lived in 150 independent villages with a total population of about 18,000 people."
Chumash Indians http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/cultural/northamerica/chumashindians.html
Brief facts.
The Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History- Chumash http://www.sbnature.org/research/anthro/chumash/intro.htm
"At one time there were hundreds of separate Chumash villages here in Santa Barbara."
More Chumash sites from Santa Barbara
http://www.sbceo.k12.ca.us/~aliso/ohara/SaltMarsh/history.htm
"Even though there were other California Indians with similar customs and lived like the Chumash, no other Native American Tribe lived the same way. Their extraordinary craftsmanship is what makes the Chumash so special."
The Chumash of the Southern Coast http://www4.hmc.edu:8001/humanities/indian/ca/Ch11.htm
"The Chumash lived along the coast from the site of San Luis Obispo south to a point near present day Malibu."
Chumash History http://www.santaynezchumash.org/history.html
"We called ourselves "the first people," and pointed to the Pacific Ocean as our first home. Many elders today say that Chumash means "bead maker" or "seashell people.""
Chumash Indian Legends http://www.sbnature.org/research/anthro/chumash/custm.htm
"Though these legends come from the Chumash, the traditional stories of related tribes like the Salinan and Seri tribes are very similar."
Ohlone Indians http://www.mle.matsuk12.us/american-natives/california/ohlone.html
"The Ohlone Indians lived in the San Francisco and Monterey area for close to 3,000 years. The area in which they were located was very different from that in which we now live."
An Overview of Ohlone Culture http://www.santacruzpl.org/history/spanish/ohlone.shtml
"Utilizing hunting and gathering technology, the Ohlone relied on the relatively substantial supply of natural plant and animal life in the local environment."
Ohlone http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohlone
"The Ohlone people, also known as the Costanoan and as the Muwekma, are the indigenous people of Northern California who have lived in the San Francisco and Monterey Bay areas since the sixth century, spanning south into the Salinas Valley."
Costanoan Indian Tribe http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/costanoan/costanoanindiantribe.htm
"The territory of the Costanoan family extended from the Pacific ocean to San Joaquin river, and from the Golden Gate and Suisun bay on the north to Pt. Sur on the coast and a point a short distance south of Soledad in the Salinas valley on the south."
The Ohlone in Oakland http://www2.sims.berkeley.edu/courses/is290-2/f98/oaklandkids/sites/ohlone/
"The Indians of the Bay Area did not have a tribal name like Sioux or Navajo. The Europeans called them Costanos which they hated. They preferred to be called Ohlanes despite the fact that it was a "made up" name."
The Ohlone in Belmont http://www.belmont.gov/subContent.asp?CatId=240001203
"Indian relics were found before construction took place of the current center in Belmont's Twin Pines Park."
Ohlone Indian Legends http://www.sacred-texts.com/nam/ca/scc/index.htm
"This is our collection of links to Ohlone folktales and traditional stories that can be read online."
Ohlone Coyote Stories http://www.native-languages.org/ohlonestory.htm
Hupa Indians http://www.mle.matsuk12.us/american-natives/california/hupa.html
"The Hupa live in Hoopa Valley, the largest reservation in California"
Hupa http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hupa
"Hupa tradition suggests that they have lived in Hupa valley for over 4,000 years."
Hupa Tribal History http://www.hoopa-nsn.gov/culture/history.htm
"Our traditional way of life was based on the semiannual king salmon runs that still occur on the Trinity River, which flows through the center of the Hoopa Valley Reservation."
Hupa Images http://unjobs.org/tags/hupa-indians/photos
Basket weaving, fishing, etc.
Legend: The Foxes and the Sun http://www.indigenouspeople.net/foxessun.htm
"Though these legends come from the Yuroks, the traditional stories of related tribes like the Wiyot and Hupa tribes are very similar. "
Legend: How Thunder and Earthquake Made Ocean http://www.angelfire.com/ia2/stories3/how.html
Miwok Indians http://www.mle.matsuk12.us/american-natives/california/miwok.html
"Originally, the Miwok lived in over 100 villages along the San Joanquin and Sacramento Rivers."
Miwok http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miwok
"Generally, all Miwok were a hunting and gathering people who lived in small bands without centralized political authority before contact with European Americans in 1769."
Angel Island Miwok Information http://www.angelisland.org/miwok.htm
"Before Westerners arrived, the Miwok enjoyed thousands of peaceful years of in the pristine beauty of Angel Island. "
Coast Miwok Indians http://www.sfsu.edu/~geog/bholzman/ptreyes/introclt.htm
"The Coast Miwok Indians' territory stretched as far north as Bodega Bay, as far east as the town of Sonoma and included all of present day Marin County."
Buena Vista Rancheria: Mi-Wuk Indians http://www.buenavistatribe.com/tribal_history.htm
"The Me-Wuk Indians of the Buena Vista Rancheria are an integral part of California's Native American history. "
Miwok Indian Legends http://www.native-languages.org/miwok-legends.htm
Scroll down to see "our collection of links to Miwok folktales and traditional stories that can be read online."
Cahuilla http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cahuilla
"The traditional Cahuilla territory was near the geographic center of Southern California."
Mojave Desert: Cahuilla Indians http://mojavedesert.net/cahuilla-indians/
Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians http://www.aguacaliente.org/HistoryCulture/tabid/57/Default.aspx
History and Culture information.
Cahuilla History and Notes http://www.manataka.org/page550.html
" Prior to European intrusion, when they occupied the better part of Riverside County and the northern portion of San Diego County, they numbered from six thousand to ten thousand people."
Ethnography of the Cahuilla Indians http://sacred-texts.com/nam/ca/eci/index.htm
Adult level overview of Cahuilla life.
Legend: Climbing the Mountain http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Legends/Climbing_The_Mountain-Cahuilla.html
"Though these legends come from the Cahuillas, the traditional stories of related tribes like the Luiseno and Tongva tribes are very similar."
The California Missions Online Project http://www.cuca.k12.ca.us/lessons/missions/contents/index.html
Includes general and specific information about all California missions.
The Spanish Missions of California http://library.thinkquest.org/3615/
"We hope that our site will excite all those fourth and fifth graders out there in California who study the Missions as part of the California State Curriculum, and we hope that teachers will find it useful as well."
California Missions General Information http://www.geocities.com/Athens/1051/General_Info.htm
Information on the mission chain and links to individual mission information.
California Missions Virtual Tour http://www.californiamissions.com/menu.html
"We have full pictorial histories of the missions. Also, for the first time on the web, we have music written by the Franciscan Friars and Native Americans who founded the missions in the late 1700's."
A Day in the Life of a Friar http://www.ca-missions.org/davis.html
"All the friars prior to their service in the missions went through an intensive training period at one of the Apostolic Colleges."
California Missions Info Page http://donaldlaird.com/landmarks/missions.html
"The following are links to other Web sites dealing with the California Missions."
Channel Islands National Park http://www.nps.gov/chis/
"Channel Islands National Park encompasses five remarkable islands (Anacapa, Santa Cruz, Santa Rosa, San Miguel, and Santa Barbara) and their ocean environment, preserving and protecting a wealth of natural and cultural resources."
Channel Islands of California http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_Islands_of_California
"Separated from the California mainland throughout recent geological history, the Channel Islands provide the earliest evidence for human seafaring in the Americas."
Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary http://channelislands.noaa.gov/
"In 2002 the California Fish and Game Commission established a network of Marine Protected Areas within the nearshore waters of the Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary."
The Channel Islands' hidden treasure http://www.vcreporter.com/cms/story/detail/the_channel_islands_hidden_treasure/6856/
"The Channel Islands are known as the Galapagos of North America."
Climate change threatens Channel Islands artifacts http://www.etaiwannews.com/etn/news_content.php?id=917268&lang=eng_news
"The sea has long lashed at the Channel Islands - stripping away beaches, slicing off cliff faces and nibbling at hundreds, perhaps thousands, of cultural relics."
Channel Islands Restoration http://www.channelislandsrestoration.com/
"Channel Islands Restoration restores habitat in sensitive and unique natural areas on the California Channel Islands and adjacent mainland."
History/Social Studies Grade Four
4.2 Students describe the social, political, cultural, and economic life and interactions among people of California from the pre-Columbian societies to the Spanish mission and Mexican rancho periods.
1. Discuss the major nations of California Indians, including their geographic distribution, economic activities, legends, and religious beliefs; and describe how they depended on, adapted to, and modified the physical environment by cultivation of land and use of sea resources.
2. Describe the Spanish exploration and colonization of California, including the relationships among soldiers, missionaries, and Indians (e.g., Juan Crespi, Junipero Serra, Gaspar de Portola).
3. Describe the mapping of, geographic basis of, and economic factors in the placement and function of the Spanish missions; and understand how the mission system expanded the influence of Spain and Catholicism throughout New Spain and Latin America.
4. Describe the daily lives of the people, native and nonnative, who occupied the presidios, missions, ranchos, and pueblos.
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5/19/24 4:29 AM